通过热加工和结构分析鉴定枸杞中一种假定的新型热诱导甘油酯衍生物

This study compared the effects of three methods tetrahydrofuran extraction (C1), subcritical-fluid extraction (C2), and supercritical carbon dioxide extraction (C3) on the carotenoid profile of Lycium barbarum using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) coupled with multivariate analysis. C3 showed a higher relative representation of long-chain esterified carotenoids, particularly zeaxanthin dipalmitate (ZDP), though absolute extraction yields were not directly comparable due to differing scales and conditions. Heating a matrix-containing carotenoid extract at 110 °C generated a previously unreported compound, P1 (C₅₉H₁₀₆O₆). P1 was identified as a glyceride derivative formed via oxidative cleavage of the polyene chain followed by skeletal rearrangement. Inverse time-dependent changes in ZDP and P1 were consistent with, but did not establish, a precursor-product relationship. Oxidative cleavage, glycerol incorporation, and skeletal rearrangement are presented as a putative thermo-oxidative pathway. This finding demonstrates that thermal processing of goji berries can drive specific, structure-directed chemical transformations rather than mere degradation.